Exosomes from PM 2.5-treated Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Increase Lung Cancer Metastatic Potential / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) is an air pollutant that has become of great concern in recent years. Numerous studies have found that PM 2.5 may contribute to lung cancer, but the pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we explored the roles of exosomes from bronchial epithelial cells in PM 2.5-promoted lung cancer metastasis.@*Methods@#Exosomes were isolated from cell supernatants. An animal model of lung metastasis (established by tail vein injection of A549-luc) and in vitro studies with lung cancer cell lines were used to investigate the effects of exosomes derived from PM 2.5-treated human bronchial epithelial cells (PHBE-exo).@*Results@#The animal experiments revealed that PHBE-exo-treated mice showed stronger luciferase activity and a larger relative metastatic region in the lungs, thus indicating that PHBE-exo promoted the metastatic potential of lung cancer. Additionally, PHBE-exo promoted the migration, invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of lung cancer cells, in a manner mediated by activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase.@*Conclusion@#These results implied that PM 2.5 may promote the development of lung cancer through exosomes derived from bronchial epithelial cells, thus providing a potential interventional target for lung cancer. These findings broadened our understanding of cancer-promoting mechanisms of environmental pollutants.

Immunotherapy Based on Tumor Microenvironment in Renal Cell Carcinoma / 中国医学科学院学报

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common lethal urological cancer,the distant metastasis of which is the leading cause of death.Although targeted agents have remarkably improved the overall prognosis of RCC patients,nearly all the patients eventually acquire therapeutic resistance.With the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors,immunotherapy based on tumor microenvironment (TME) has shown a broad scope in clinical application.The deepening understanding of TME leads to the changes of therapeutic strategies for advanced RCC,and the combination of targeted therapy and immunotherapy is exhibiting a promising prospect.Herein,we reviewed the TME characteristics,candidate predictive biomarkers,and possible targets for future development of drugs against RCC.

Clinical value of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of retroperitoneal tumors / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To explore the clinical value of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of retroperitoneal tumors. Methods: The clinical data of 13 patients with retroperitoneal tumors treated with ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2018 to January 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The ablation effect was evaluated and the postoperative complications were observed. The changes of tumor volume before and after radiofrequency ablation were compared. Results: The symptoms of pain and dyspepsia were significantly improved after radiofrequency ablation, and the hospital stay was (9.2±2.9) days. The tumor was ablated completely in 10 cases, tumor residual in 1 case and tumor metastasis in 2 cases. One patient had postoperative duodenal perforation complicated with intra-abdominal infection, and no serious complications occurred in other patients. There were 20 lesions in 13 patients. The maximum diameter of 20 lesions before operation and 1, 3, 6 months after operation were (39.5±15.9) mm, (30.6±4.9)mm, (15.6±7.7) mm and (9.9±3.1) mm, respectively, the maximum diameters of 1, 3 and 6 months after operation were smaller than that before operation (P<0.05). Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation is a real-time, accurate, safe and effective minimally invasive treatment with few complications, and has a high clinical value for retroperitoneal tumors.

Overview of systematic reviews of Panax notoginseng saponins in treatment of acute cerebral infarction / 中国中药杂志

To overview the systematic reviews of Panax notoginseng saponins in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction. CNKI, CBM, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Cochrane Library and EMbase databases were retrieved to collect the systematic reviews of the efficacy of P. notoginseng saponins in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction. The retrieval time was from the time of database establishment to January 2021. After two researchers independently screened out the literature and extracted the data, AMSTAR-2 scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included systematic reviews, GRADE system was used to grade the quality of evidences of the outcome indicators, and the efficacy evaluation was summarized. A total of 5 systematic reviews were included. AMSTAR-2 evaluation results showed that 3 items were relatively complete, while 4 items had a poor overall quality. P. notoginseng saponins combined with conventional Western medicine therapy was superior to single conventional therapy in the recovery of neurological function, enhancement of the total effective rate in clinic, and improvement of activities of daily living. GRADE evaluation results showed that the quality of evidence was from low quality to very low quality. In conclusion, in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction, P. notoginseng saponins can improve the clinical efficacy, with a good safety but a not high methodological quality and a low evidence quality. It is suggested that high-quality clinical studies shall be further carried out to provide evidence-based basis for the application of P. notoginseng saponins in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction.

CMTM2 is involved in spermiogenesis in mice / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate whether CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing protein 2 (CMTM2) is involved in spermatogenesis in mice. CMTM2 is highly expressed in testis, and could possibly be a potential spermagogenesis specific gene.@*METHODS@#CMTM2-deficient mouse model was generated. Northern, RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis were performed on total RNA derived from wild-type (WT, CMTM2+/+) and CMTM2+/- (heterozygote) and CMTM2-/-(homozygote) mice to examine the CMTM2 level. The number of litters and the number of pups were counted and pregnancy rates calculated. The motility and morphology of the sperm and the histology of testes were analyzed. Serum testosterone and FSH concentrations were also measured. Standard t-tests were used and standard error of means were calculated.@*RESULTS@#CMTM2 was highly expressed in a finely regulated pattern in the mouse testis during spermatogenesis. The body weight of adult mice with CMTM2 deficiency was not significantly different from that of wild type mice. No obvious anatomical or behavioral abnormalities were observed. The testis of CMTM2-/- was smaller than that of CMTM2+/+ mice. The testis diameter in wild mice and CMTM2 null mice were (11.32±1.21) mm vs. (8.29±1.92) mm (P<0.05), and the weights were (101.63±2.33) mg vs. (85.22±2.84) mg (P<0.05), respectively. Female CMTM2 null mice were fertile, indicating that CMTM2 was not required for female gametogenesis. The CMTM2-/- mice produced virtually no sperm, and CMTM2+/- mice sperm count showed a significant decline. In terms of sperm morphorlogy study, more round spermatids could be observed in the heterozygote group, compared with the wild type group; while in the homozygote group, a large amount of round spermatids could be observed because of complete arrest of spermiogenesis. The hormone levels were not significantly different. The CMTM2-/- male mice were sterile due to a late, complete arrest of spermiogenesis. The organized architecture of the seminiferous epithelium of the seminiferous tubules seen in CMTM2+/+ mice was lost in CMTM2-/- mice.@*CONCLUSION@#This study suggests CMTM2 is not required for embryonic development in the mouse but is essential for spermiogenesis, however, further studies are required for more detailed mechanism study.

Application of Arduino Open Source Hardware in Practice Teaching of TCM Informatics / 中国中医药信息杂志

This article briefly described the existing problems in talent training of TCM informatics, conducted discussion according to discipline personnel training practice teaching mode, proposed to introduce Arduino open-source hardware into TCM informatics teaching, try to carry out practice exploration for existing classroom and experiment teaching, and proposed relevant suggestions to promote learning interest of students and improve their application ability, with a purpose to further improve the practice teaching mode of TCM informatics, cultivate "TCM+informatics" compound and application talents to promote long-term development of this discipline.

Capacity and training demand of the emergency staff from centers for disease control and prevention at county and municipal levels in Zhejiang Province / 预防医学

Objective To study the emergency staff's knowledge, skills and their training demand in centers for disease control and prevention (CDC) at county and municipal levels in Zhejiang Province. Methods Using multistage cluster sampling, 518 emergency staff from 34 CDCs in Zhejiang Province were involved in this study. A questionnaire survey was conducted among the emergency staff to evaluate their emergency knowledge and training demand. The differences between the staff from CDCs at county and municipal levels were evaluated. Results The average score of the emergency staff was 2.93 about all emergency knowledge. Some items' scores were lower, such as nuclear radiation control, first aid, risk management, ethics, laws and emergency system. The score of the survey items were similar at county and municipal level except education degree, positional title, and proportion of staff in emergency training, score of epidemiology, risk management and first aid. The highest degree of training demand was professional knowledge related to emergency response. The emergency staff inclined to the training mode (≥4) about short-term training, field guidance, drill and exercise and case study. Conclusion We should improve the health emergency training according to the demand and target of fostering inter-disciplinary talents for fieldwork. We should strengthen training of basic theories, basic knowledge and basic skills, to cover the shortage. The short-term training and practical training should be the main training model.

Minimal fat renalangiomyolipoma with multiple lymph nodes enlargement and postoperative refractory lymphatic fistula: a case report and literature review / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a common benign tumor in the urinary system, mainly composed of adipose tissue, blood vessels and muscle tissue. Renal AML is sporadic in most of patients, while a few are associated with tuberous sclerosis. Classical renal AML occurs predominantly in middle-aged females. Most cases are found incidentally during imaging examinations. The fat content makes AML have unique imaging characteristics and is easy to be identified with other renal tumors. However, the amount of fat varies in each tumor. AML that contains only microscopically detectable fat and whose amount of intratumoral fat may be too small to be identified on unenhanced computed tomography (CT) images is termed minimal fat or fat-poor renal AML, which appears as a high density shadow in the renal parenchyma on unenhanced CT images. Thus, it can be difficult to distinguish it from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) on imaging. Since the imaging findings are atypical, the diagnosis depends on pathological results. In addition, a few of AML can mimic malignant neoplasms. Recent studies suggested that AML might involve to peri-renal or renal sinus fat, regional lymphatics and other visceral organs, as well as inferior vena cava, which further makes the diagnosis more difficult. However, there is currently no reports about involvement of regional limphatics in minimal fat renal AML. In this article, we report a 27-year-old female patient without family history of tuberous sclerosis, who came to visit the hematologist because a high density shadow near the left kidney was found during CT scan which was accompanied by neck, armpits, groin, abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal lymph nodes enlargement. She was suspected of lymphoma in the beginning and transferred to Department of Urology to perform laparoscopic left renal mass and retroperitoneal lymph node excision and pathological examination for a definitive diagnosis. Finally, pathologic results revealed AML. Postoperative continuous lymphatic fistula developed and the retroperitoneal drainage of chylous fluid was 100-200 mL per day, lasting for 12 weeks. The fistula was successfully closed after conservative treatment including fasting and rehydration. This article summaries and discusses the diagnosis and treatment of renal AML with lymph nodes enlargement and the management of postoperative refractory lymphatic fistula by reviewing the related cases and literature.

Influence of SOX10 on the proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer cells / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the influence of SOX10 on the proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer cells.@*METHODS@#SOX10 protein in prostate cancer cell lines PC3, DU145 and LNcap was detected by Western blotting analysis. The expression of SOX10 in prostate cancer cell lines (PC3 and DU145) were knocked down by small interfering RNAs, and the efficiency of SOX10 by small interfering RNAs was confirmed using Western blotting analysis. CCK-8 assays were conducted to assess the influences of SOX10 on the proliferation of PC3 and DU145 cells, and invasion assays were conducted to assess the influences of SOX10 on the invasion of PC3 and DU145 cells.@*RESULTS@#After SOX10 in prostate cancer cells was knocked down by small interfering RNAs, the proliferation of prostate cancer cells PC3 and DU145 was significantly inhibited. Results of CCK-8 assays showed that the absorbance of PC3 and DU145 in SOX10-silenced groups was decreased compared with those in control groups (PC3: 0 d: 0.166±0.01, 0.162±0.012 vs. 0.155 ±0.01, P>0.05; 1 d: 0.210±0.011, 0.211±0.018 vs. 0.252±0.023, P>0.05; 2 d: 0.293±0.017, 0.280±0.028 vs. 0.433±0.030, P<0.01; 3 d: 0.363±0.071, 0.411±0.038 vs. 0.754±0.045, P<0.01; 4 d: 0.592±0.065, 0.670±0.093 vs. 1.456±0.111, P<0.01. DU145: 0 d: 0.168±0.018, 0.164±0.01 vs. 0.153 ±0.012, P>0.05; 1 d: 0.218±0.007, 0.206±0.024 vs. 0.255±0.02, P>0.05; 2 d: 0.297±0.013, 0.291±0.012 vs. 0.444±0.023, P<0.05; 3 d: 0.378±0.058, 0.419±0.026 vs. 0.762±0.039, P<0.01; 4 d: 0.681±0.094, 0.618±0.050 vs. 1.419±0.170, P<0.01). Meanwhile, knocking down SOX10 significantly suppressed the invasion of prostate cancer cells PC3 and DU145. Results of invasion assays showed that the numbers of invaded cells in SOX10-silenced groups were significantly less than those in control groups (PC3: 142±38, 171±17 vs. 304±55; DU145: 96±22, 134±23 vs. 341±34, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#SOX10 might promote prostate cancer progression by accelerating the ability of the proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer cells, and SOX10 might be a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer.

An analysis on the emergency personnel capability assessment and the influencing factors among CDCs of municipal and county levels / 预防医学

Objective To evaluate capacity among emergency staffs from center of disease control and prevention in Zhejiang Province at municipal and county levels, and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods Using multi-stage cluster sampling, 501 emergency staffs from 33 CDCs of the two levels in Zhejiang Province was involved in this study. Characteristics of the study population and their emergency acknowledge and capacities were collected by questionnaire. Rank test, correlation analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to assess the level of capacities and analyze the influencing factors. Results At municipal and county levels, there were 165 (32.93%) and 336(67.07%) emergency staffs respectively, and the median scores of emergency acknowledge were 60 and 58.33, and the lowest scores of the knowledge both were Nuclear/Radiation. The median scores of emergency capacities were 61.82 and 55.76, and the lowest score of the capacities were both Sampling/Detection. Ordinal multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the scores of emergency knowledge (OR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.16-1.22), senior title (ORprimary title=0.22, 95%CI: 0.13-0.39; ORmiddle title=0.37, 95%CI: 0.23-0.60), male (OR=2.00, 95%CI: 1.39-2.89), experience of emergency tour (OR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.01-2.61) and the level of CDC (OR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.06-2.34) were the positive influencing factors of emergency capacity. Conclusion In Zhejiang Province, there were significant weaknesses in the Nuclear/Radiation knowledge and Sampling/Detection ability among emergency staffs of municipal-level and county-level CDCs. Level, gender, title, scores of emergency knowledge and experience of emergency tour were the influencing factors.

A study on the status and equity of human resource allocation for health in Zhejiang Province / 预防医学

Objective To learn the status and equity of human resource allocation for health so as to provide evidence for health administrative department. Methods Descriptive analysis and annual percent changes (APC) were used to analyze the numbers and trends of human resource allocation for health from 2011 to 2015, and Gini coefficients were used for equity evaluation. Results In 2015, Hangzhou had the largest number (12.62) of medical personnel per 1000 persons while Jiaxing had the least amount (7.43) . Hangzhou had the largest number (10.32) of medical technical personnel per 1000 persons while Wenzhou had the least amount (6.23) . Hangzhou had the largest number (3.86) of licensed (assistant) doctors per 1000 persons while Jiaxing had the least amount (2.15) . Hangzhou had the largest number (4.23) of registered nurses per 1000 persons while Wenzhou had the least amount (2.42) . Jiaxing had 8.06 medical personnel, 7.03 medical technical personnel, 2.33 licensed (assistant) doctors and 2.86 registered nurses per square kilometer which were all the largest number while Lishui had 1.21 medical personnel, 1.00 medical technical personnel, 0.39 licensed (assistant) doctors and 0.38 registered nurses per square kilometer which were all the least. The doctor-to-nurse ratio was only 1:1.01 in 2015. Both numbers of human resources for health per 1000 persons and per square kilometer increased year by year from 2011 to 2015, and Gini coefficients of each index expressed by per 1000 persons were all under 0.2, while it ranged from 0.2 to 0.3 when they were expressed by per square kilometer. Conclusion Numbers of human resource allocation for health had an increasing trend and the allocation was fair, but the equity evaluated by service population was better than by service areas, and the research about accessibility of regional human resource allocation for health needs to be concerned.

A retrospective clinical study of immediate implantation and delayed implantation in molar area / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To compare the changes of marginal bone resportion between immediate implantation and delayed implantation after 12 to 24 months of definitive prostheses finished.Methods:41 patients were recruited and divided into immediate implant placement group(n =20) and delayed implant placement group(n =21).All implants were evaluated via radiograph after surgery,6 months after implantion,1 year and 2 years after prostheses placement respectively,the height of marginal bone was measured 6 month after implation,1 year and 2 years after prostheses placement.Results:After 6 month,1 year and 2 year the mesial marginal bone attachement (MBA) of immediate implant placement group increased by (1.35 ± 1.12),(2.16 ± 1.73) and (2.53 ± 1.65) mm,the distal by (1.46 ± 1.17),(1.94 ± 1.16) and (2.32 ± 1.68) mm,respectively (among the 3 time points of examination,P ＜ 0.05).As for the delayed implantation group,in the mesial area MBA increased by (-0.52 ± 0.47),(-0.69 ± 0.58) and (-0.97 ± 0.78) mm,in the distal area by (-0.46 ± 0.44),(-0.60 ± 0.45) and (-0.72 ± 0.63) mm (among 3 time points,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion:Immediate implantation is superior to delayed implantation for marginal bone attachement of dental implant.

Research progress of the autophagy role in angiogenesis / 基础医学与临床

The autophagy is a process of cell survival by lysosomal degradation of damaged organelles and macromo-leular materials. It plays an important role in stable environment. The autophagy of cells is persisted in the patho-physiology of angiogenesis. However,To explore the development of the angiogenesis based on autophagy,is the clinical treatment ideas of the vascular disease.

Research progress of the autophagy role in angiogenesis / 基础医学与临床

The autophagy is a process of cell survival by lysosomal degradation of damaged organelles and macromo-leular materials. It plays an important role in stable environment. The autophagy of cells is persisted in the patho-physiology of angiogenesis. However,To explore the development of the angiogenesis based on autophagy,is the clinical treatment ideas of the vascular disease.

Design and implementation of mobile terminal data acquisition for Chinese materia medica resources survey / 中国中药杂志

In this paper, a data acquisition system based on mobile terminal combining GPS, offset correction, automatic speech recognition and database networking technology was designed implemented with the function of locating the latitude and elevation information fast, taking conveniently various types of Chinese herbal plant photos, photos, samples habitat photos and so on. The mobile system realizes automatic association with Chinese medicine source information, through the voice recognition function it records the information of plant characteristics and environmental characteristics, and record relevant plant specimen information. The data processing platform based on Chinese medicine resources survey data reporting client can effectively assists in indoor data processing, derives the mobile terminal data to computer terminal. The established data acquisition system provides strong technical support for the fourth national survey of the Chinese materia medica resources (CMMR).

Design and implementation of data checking system for Chinese materia medica resources survey / 中国中药杂志

The Chinese material medica resources (CMMR) national survey information management system has collected a large amount of data. To help dealing with data recheck, reduce the work of inside, improve the recheck of survey data from provincial and county level, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medical has designed a data checking system for Chinese material medica resources survey based on J2EE technology, Java language, Oracle data base in accordance with the SOA framework. It includes single data check, check score, content manage, check the survey data census data with manual checking and automatic checking about census implementation plan, key research information, general survey information, cultivation of medicinal materials information, germplasm resources information the medicine information, market research information, traditional knowledge information, specimen information of this 9 aspects 20 class 175 indicators in two aspects of the quantity and quality. The established system assists in the completion of the data consistency and accuracy, pushes the county survey team timely to complete the data entry arrangement work, so as to improve the integrity, consistency and accuracy of the survey data, and ensure effective and available data, which lay a foundation for providing accurate data support for national survey of the Chinese material medica resources (CMMR) results summary, and displaying results and sharing.

Pharmacodynamic study on insomnia-curing effects of Shuangxia Decoction in Drosophila melanogaster / 中国天然药物

The present study aimed to establish a pharmacodynamic method using the pySolo software to explore the influence of freeze-dried powders of Shuangxia Decoction (SXD) on the sleep of normal Drosophila melanogaster and the Drosophila melanogaster whose sleep was divested by light. The dose-effect and the time-effect relationships of SXD on sleep were examined. The effect-onset concentration of SXD was 0.25%, the plateau appeared at the concentration of 2.5% and the total sleep time showed a downtrend when the concentration was greater than 2.5%. The sleep time was the longest on the fourth day after SXD was given. The fruit fly sleep deprivation model was repeated by light stimulation at night. The middle dosage group (2.5%) had the best insomnia-curing effect. In conclusion, using the pySolo software, an approach for the pharmacodynamics study was established with Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism to determine the insomnia-curing effects of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Our results demonstrated the reliability of this method. The freeze-dried powders of SXD could effectively improve the sleep quality of Drosophila melanogaster.

Expression of progesterone receptor a protein in prokaryotic and preparation of monoclonal antibodies to PR-A / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To prepare for mAb of progesterone receptor. It would provide support for the immunohistochemistry behind. Methods:Target gene connected together with a carrier by seamless cloning method. The target protein that expression by inducing was collected. And with cell fusion method , the monoclonal antibodies were preparation. Then the mAb were detected by IHC. Results: The mAb ( clone 7C7 ) was detected and it found positive for the breast, uterine fibroid tissue, showed negative in colorectal cancer tissue, smooth muscle tissue, the goal of the claim were achieve. Conclusion: Finally, we found the method that prepare for mAb was far beyond our imagination. The result of IHC on different samples about mAb(7C7)obtained compliance with an-ticipation. Study on the difference between the PR-A and PR-B had significance.

Effect of XuanHuSuoSan and its disassembled prescriptions on dissolution of psoralen and isopsoralen / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of XuanHuSuoSan and its disassembled prescriptions on dissolution of psoralen and isopsoralen. Methods The dissolution of psoralen and isopsoralen in XuanHuSuoSan and its disassembled prescriptions were determined by HPLC, using ES Industries Epic Polar C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with methanol and water (55: 45) as mobile phase at 25 °C with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and detection wavelength of 246 nm. Results The dissolution of psoralen and isopsoralen had great changes among XuanHuSuoSan and its disassembled prescriptions, and the analysis of variance and SNK showed that there were significant differences among XuanHuSuoSan and its disassembled prescriptions (P < 0.05). Conclusion Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae are helpful to the dissolution of psoralen and isopsoralen from Fructus Psoraleae, while Rhizoma Corydalis can inhibit the dissolution of psoralen and isopsoralen.

A study on Bayesian classification model for common respiratory infectious diseases / 预防医学

Objective To provide diagnostic clue for the investigation and laboratory examination in outbreak of common respiratory infectious diseases using a computer -aided classification model.Methods The variables were extracted from medical literature,case data of infectious diseases,reports of outbreaks such as symptoms and signs,abnormal lab test results,epidemiologic features,the incidence rates of the infectious diseases.Then a classification model was constructed using Naive Bayesian classifier and SAS 9.1 .3 Data from eight historical outbreaks of respiratory infectious diseases were used to test the model.Results Among eight outbreaks,the discriminate probability of diagnosing a disease correctly by ranking it first on the output lists of the model was 53.85%.The sensitivity was 53.85%,and specificity was 1 00.00%, and +LR was from 5.73 to ∞.The discriminant probability of diagnosing a disease correctly by ranking it within the three most probable diseases on these lists was 98.34%.The sensitivity was 98.34% and the specificity was 82.1 4%,and +LR was from 1 .26 to ∞.Conclusion A Bayesian classification model could be applied to classification and discriminant of common respiratory infectious diseases,and could improve the ability for early diagnosis of the outbreak caused by respiratory infectious diseases.